The work aims to verify the economic feasibility of renewable hybrid systems for hydrogen production and storage in the Brazilian electric power sector. The methodology applied is based on economic cost analyses of the two largest wind and solar photovoltaic plants in the country.
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The auction will enhance Brazil''s power grid reliability by integrating energy storage solutions for electricity generated from renewable sources such as wind and solar.
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First, the capacity factor of the wind power plants, on average, become superior then the capacity factor of the solar power plants in Brazil. The model concludes that the solar and wind hybrid system for hydrogen production and storage is not yet viable in Brazil.
The Brazilian wind energy generation projects have not been happening in a wide range of sizes, as could be seen in this sample, which covers almost all the projects that have succeeded at the auctions. Other sources of energy have a much wider range of sizes, giving more room for scale gains.
Overall, 75,250 MW have registered with Brazil's state-owned energy research firm EPE to take part in the bidding process. Of this, 73,256 MW is wind and solar. For projects without a contract, the initial price will be BRL 315 per MWh for hydro and biomass-fired, and BRL 225 per MWh for solar and wind.
The model concludes that the solar and wind hybrid system for hydrogen production and storage is not yet viable in Brazil. In addition, the CAPEX of electrolysers and storage tanks and their operating losses are key points for the deployment of these systems.
In 2020, according to EPE (2021a), 421 TWh of energy was supplied to the electric system in Brazil (including internal generation and imported energy); 65.2% came from hydroelectric power plants, 9.1% from biomass, 8.8% from wind energy facilities and 8.3% from natural gas thermal power plants.
Dubbed A-4, the auction will contract hydro, wind, solar and biomass-based thermal power projects. The highest maximum bidding price is BRL 315 (USD 62.8/EUR 59.4) per MWh. Overall, 75,250 MW have registered with Brazil's state-owned energy research firm EPE to take part in the bidding process. Of this, 73,256 MW is wind and solar.
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